MUSICA Y BAILE EN LOS PAISES DE HABLA HISPANA
Instrumentos Musicales
Instrumentos musicales usados en la producción de música latina. Imágenes y sonidos de los instrumentos más usados.
Bailes Latinos - Mambo & Cha Cha Cha
Mambo & Chá Chá Chá (subgenre)
Mambo is a Cuban musical form and dance style. The word mambo (which means conversation with the gods) is the name of a priestess in Haitian Voodoo. The name is derived from the language of the African slaves who were imported into the Caribbean.
Stylistic origins
Cuban son montuno and danzón mixed with American big band swing
Cultural origins
1940s Cubans in Havana, drawing on Haitian-Cuban influences
Typical instruments
Conga (Cuban drum), cajon (boxed shaped drum played with hands), bongo, timbales, claves (woodblock), upright bass, piano, trombone, trumpet, saxophone
Mainstream Popularity
Significant in Cuba, sporadic in US and elsewhere, peaking in the 1950s
Bailes Latinos - Flamenco
Flamenco is a genuine Southern Spanish art. It exists in three forms: el cante, the song, el baile, the dance, and la guitarra, the guitar playing. Gypsies are often credited with the "invention" of flamenco, and it is at least certain that they played an important part in its creation. But the popular songs and dances of Andalusia, and later, nine centuries of Muslim occupation also had a major influence on early Flamenco. El baile flamenco is a highly-expressive solo dance, known for its emotional sweeping of the arms and rhythmic stomping of the feet. The flamenco dances are improvised.
Stylistic origins
Andalusian (south of Spain), Gitano (gypsies), Mozarabic, Moorish, Sephardic, Byzantine, Italian cultures that existed in Andalusia prior to and after the Reconquest.
Cultural origins
Andalusia (South of Spain)
Typical instruments
Spanish Guitar, Flamenco guitar, palmas (hand claps) and cajón (boxed shaped drum played with hands)
Mainstream popularity
Sporadic except among Andalusians (south of Spain) and Gitanos (gypsies), mostly popular in Spain
Bailes Latinos - Merengue
Merengue is a type of lively, joyful music and dance that comes from the Dominica Republic. It is popular in the Dominican Republic, and all over Latin America. Merengue means whipped egg whites and sugar in Spanish, similar to the English word meringue. It was made the official music and dance of the Dominican Republic by Rafael Trujillo. Partners hold each other in a closed position. The man holds the woman's waist with his right hand while keeping his left hand/her right hand at the woman's eye level.
Stylistic origins
Spanish (Spain) contradanza, Spanish decima and African plena, or at Talanquera
Cultural origins
Dominican Republic
Typical instruments
Bass guitar, tambora o diatonic accordion (a two sided drum held on the lap) Güiro (open ended hollow gourd with parallel notches cut into the side), Guitar, Saxophone, Trumpet, sometimes Trombone
Mainstream Popularity
Some in the early 20th century, continued pan-Latin popularity
Bailes Latinos - Tango
The dance originated in lower-class districts of Buenos Aires. The music derived from the fusion of various forms of music from European immigrants. Tango consists of a variety of styles that developed in different regions and eras of Argentina and Uruguay. The dance developed in response to many cultural elements, such as the crowding of the venue and even the fashions in clothing. The styles are mostly danced in either open embrace, where lead and follow have space between their bodies, or close embrace, where the lead and follow connect either chest-to-chest (Argentine tango) or in the upper thigh, hip area (American and International tango).
Stylistic origins
1850s-1880s urban Argentina and Uruguay
Cultural origins
originated in Buenos Aires, Argentina and Montevideo, Uruguay
Typical instruments
Bandoneón (acordeon), piano, guitar, violin, double bass, human voice
Mainstream Popularity
Rioplatense (working class urban areas – Río de la plata) until 1910; upper and middle class cosmopolitan urban areas thereafter
Bailes Latinos - Salsa
Salsa refers to a fusion of informal dance styles having roots in the Caribbean (especially in Cuba and Puerto Rico), Latin and North America. The dance originated through the mixture of typical Cuban dance forms (Cuban son, chá chá chá, mambo, etc). There is a strong African influence in the music as well as the dance. Salsa's roots can be traced back to the African ancestors that were brought to the Caribbean by the Spanish as slaves. Salsa is usually a partner dance, although there are recognized solo steps and some forms are danced in groups of couples, with frequent exchanges of partner. Improvisation and social dancing are important elements of Salsa.
Stylistic origins
Caribbean (Cuba and Puerto Rico)
Cultural origins
New York, L.A., Latin melting pot
Typical instruments
piano, conga, trumpet, trombone, bass guitar, claves (woodblock), cowbell, timbales, guitar, shekere (dried gourd covered with a woven net of beads), tamborina
Mainstream Popularity
Very popular in Latin America, and moderate in the United States
Bailes Latinos - Cumbia
Cumbia is originally a Colombian folk dance and dance music and is Colombia's representative national dance and music along with vallenato. Cumbia is the net intersection of two cultures that settled in the region of what is now northern Colombia at different times; the Amerindians and African slaves. Cumbia began as a courtship dance practiced among the slave population that was later mixed with the European instruments and influence.
Stylistic origins
African music, possibly Guinean cumbe
Cultural origins
African and Amerindian slaves in Colombia and Panama.
Typical instruments
Percussion and woodwind; drums, claves (woodblock), guiro (open ended hollow gourd with parallel notches cut into the side), flutes and maracas. Other: Saxophone, Trumpets, Keyboards, Trombone, guitar, accordion, Timbales with cowbell.
Mainstream Popularity
Beginning in the 1950s, across Latin America, originated during the Spanish colonial times in Colombia, with the modern version spreading into other countries after it became very popular in Colombia in the 1920's and 1930's; El Salvador, Peru, Argentina and Mexico
